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Features of single crystal silicon pressure transmitters

Features of single crystal silicon pressure transmitters

Single crystal silicon pressure transmitters are high-precision sensing devices that use single crystal silicon as the core sensitive material. They are widely used in industrial pressure measurement due to their excellent performance. The following are their main features:

I. High Measurement Precision and Stability

  • High Precision:
    • Single crystal silicon has excellent mechanical properties and a linear elastic range, enabling precise conversion of pressure into electrical signals. The measurement accuracy can reach ±0.075%FS or even higher, suitable for scenarios requiring high-precision control (e.g., pharmaceutical equipment, aerospace).
  • Good Long-Term Stability:
    • The material has low creep and hysteresis, with minimal performance degradation over long-term use. Drift is typically ≤0.05%FS/year, reducing the frequency of calibration.

II. Strong Environmental Adaptability

  • Wide Temperature Range:
    • Can operate stably in -40°C to +125°C environments (some models up to +150°C), with built-in temperature compensation circuits to eliminate errors caused by temperature fluctuations.
  • Corrosion and Pressure Resistance:
    • The sensor chip is usually encapsulated in stainless steel (e.g., 316L) or coated with a protective layer (such as PTFE), making it resistant to corrosion from liquids (e.g., acids, alkalis) and suitable for harsh media like seawater or chemical solutions.
  • Anti-Vibration and Impact:
    • The structure is rigid, withstanding vibration up to 50g and impact up to 500g, ensuring reliable operation in mechanical equipment or mobile devices.

III. Excellent Electrical Performance

  • High Sensitivity and Signal-to-Noise Ratio:
    • The piezoresistive effect of single crystal silicon generates significant resistance changes under pressure, allowing output of strong signals (e.g., 4-20 mA, 0-10 V) with minimal noise interference.
  • Wide Measurement Range:
    • Capable of measuring ultra-low pressure (e.g., 0-1 kPa for air pressure) to high pressure (0-100 MPa for hydraulic systems), adaptable to various industrial scenarios.

IV. Compact Structure and Easy Integration

  • Miniaturization and Lightweight Design:
    • The chip can be miniaturized to millimeters, enabling compact transmitters that fit into narrow spaces (e.g., medical catheters, aircraft pipelines).
  • Diverse Installation Methods:
    • Available in thread-mounted, flange-mounted, or flush-mounted types, compatible with standard industrial interfaces (e.g., G1/2, NPT1/4).

V. Advanced Technology and Intelligent Functions

  • MEMS Process Integration:
    • Manufactured using micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) technology, with precise etching of the silicon diaphragm to ensure uniform stress distribution and high consistency.
  • Intelligent Compensation and Digital Output:
    • Some models integrate microprocessors for intelligent correction of nonlinear errors and temperature drift, supporting digital signals (e.g., HART, Modbus) for remote configuration and diagnostic functions.

VI. Cost-Effectiveness and Long Service Life

  • High Cost Performance:
    • Compared to ceramic or sapphire pressure transmitters, single crystal silicon products offer competitive prices under the same precision, suitable for large-scale industrial applications.
  • Long Service Life:
    • With proper use, the service life can exceed 10 years, reducing maintenance and replacement costs.

VII. Application Scenarios

  • Industrial Process Control:
    • Pipeline pressure monitoring in petroleum, chemical, and power industries.
  • Medical Equipment:
    • Blood pressure measurement, ventilator pressure control.
  • Environmental Monitoring:
    • Atmospheric pressure, water level, and hydraulic pressure detection.
  • Aerospace and Automotive:
    • Aircraft cabin pressure sensing, automotive engine oil pressure monitoring.

Comparison with Other Pressure Transmitters

TypeCore MaterialPrecisionTemperature RangeCorrosion ResistanceCost
Single Crystal SiliconSingle crystal silicon±0.075%FS-40°C~+125°CGood (with coating)Medium
CeramicAlumina ceramic±0.25%FS-20°C~+80°CExcellentLow
SapphireSapphire crystal±0.1%FS-40°C~+150°COutstandingHigh
Strain GaugeMetal strain gauge±0.5%FS-10°C~+60°CGeneralLow

Summary

Single crystal silicon pressure transmitters excel in precision, stability, and environmental adaptability, making them ideal for scenarios requiring high reliability. When selecting, consider the measurement range, medium characteristics, and output signal requirements to ensure optimal performance.

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